What exactly is the difference between a surge protector and a fuse? Can a fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of surge protector?

Edit 2024–10.

These are simplified answers to the original question, and does not change anything I wrote above.

A fuse is a non-resetable over current circuit protector.

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Barnstars:

P = e* I, so since I is 16 amps, then the voltage dropped is 1/16 volt or 0.0650 volts.

He then describes Rainy Season and Lightning.

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In schematic diagrams this is the symbol for a fuse:

2024–09–27 [ Mohan Rajaratnam Mohan Rajaratnam ] . Thinks you can get free electricity from nothing : Mohan Rajaratnam's answer to Is it possible to generate free electricity at home using a magnet or other low-cost methods? If so, how does it work?

2024–10–11 [Bobby Sanchez Bobby Sanchez ].

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There is no harm in having the surge suppressor along with the fuse in the circuit. The fuse will not open up until the current melts the link. This will take time, and in the interim, that jolt will get transmitted into the power supplies.

If the nominal power is 4,000 watts then the current at 230volts is 16 amps.

2024–10–10[John johnson John Johnson ]

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the problem then depends on "how fast does the fuse operate?".

Because the load is inductive, the current lags the voltage.(by a bit).

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Can the fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of a surge protector.

What does a fuse do?

One

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but this device (an Inductor) … impedes the rapid changes in the current.

2024–10–00 [ Ammar Mahdi ] Ammar Mahdi

An AC voltage/ current source, and an ac inductive load.

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It seems Mohan does not understand the difference between a comment and an Answer.

And this is the problem alone. Is the power supply in the equipmemt designed with a lightning strike in mind? Some yes, others, no.

So combined with a device called a MOV or Metal-oxide-resistor, then forms the 3rd part of a “surge suppressor “.

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This one hit behind the barn.

So, it’s possible that these devices from Trip Lite have addition suppression devices, these ones seem to be sturdy.

This is where this question deviates from being a 'generic' question, and becomes more specific.

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At one ohm, the resistor has a maximum of 1 watt power.

Once the voltage goes over 0.0650 volts, then this fact can be used to amplify the difference, and turn the circuit breaker off , furthur down the line. Essentially that is what a RCD/GFCI does, it compares the incoming current, to the outgoing current, and if the difference between the two currents is over 5mA, then it trips the circuit breaker.

He then asserts :

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This is a photo where a lightning bolt took out a home's complete mains distribution box, and a lot of electronic gear as well.

There are two important concepts here.

what exactly is a ‘surge’ protector?

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Now when you have a certain ac resistance, then a current flows in a loop.

Lightning arrestor is a spark-gap device, and can be installed anywhere. What is important, is that the wire is thick enough to withstand the lightning bolt and conduct the energy away from the building.

Would individual surge supressors have save this equipment? most likely, since the surge supressor would take the jolt instead of the electronic components.

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so, the loop of wire then, when put together with another loop reduces the ‘noise’ on a power line.

a photo is worth a thousand words.

So, the voltage could go up to 500 volts, and the fuse will not open up.

Why do people keep complaining about how some people copy and paste the question before answering it? To me, it's very disturbing and makes me want to block and mute them as annoying whiners.

“ A fuse is a device which protects the (circuit) against overload and short circuit.”

(Dc diagram shown, AC is similar).

The third is lightning and “how it gets conducted into a home.”

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The MOV will conduct when the voltage exceeds 50% of line voltage.

The bolt then partially travels down the line to your home.

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For this case there are devices called Metal oxide varistors (MOV).

[old diagram got deleted by accident]

But… the neutral is now “floating” because of the 1 ohm resistance.

At the secondary, it is 1000 times less.)turns ratio). If it gets hit with a 100,000 volt bolt of lightning then the voltage arrestors conduct and clamp the voltage down to line voltage, ( but a small amount leaks down the line). This is the problem.

“ … to protect building, lightning arrestor, is provided above building and directly connected to earth.”

but I think this circuit , shows a few more pieces.

Mohan forgets that a fuse is a one-time device, and needs to be replaced if it is tripped.

He then describes the function of a fuse.

Here is a simplified AC power diagram.

At least they know the answer if they wanted it.

This is a high voltage low current spike that comes down the line because of the power poles being struck, and the voltage suppressors activating on the primary side of the transformer.

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It’s been three xxx five werks, and there has been no response to my follow on query on his Commment to my answer.

so, what happens?

But it can get overloaded, and no longer works.

There are three different concepts here that are getting confused.

This is 'the assistant's answer'

Fuses, on their own, then operate much slower than the MOV variable resistance, during the lightning strike.

What is lightning?

When the current is 200% of the rated value , it will “go open” (the link metal melts) and protect the device.

This is an electronic circuit designed to clamp voltages so that the Voltage Potential that appears at the outlet is never going to exceed the nominal value.

It also is a device that limits the change in current flow.

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But during the surge, the fuse will not blow if it is a longer duration and lower value )10 to 50%).

A circuit breaker is similar, but is resettable.

This is the picture of an electronic coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.

The other is “what does a “fuse” do?”

OK, this is Mohan Rajaratnam’s definition of a Surge suppressor.

Is the question then , "why buy a surge supressor, if the fuse alone protects the electronic circuits from a lightning bolt?".

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Upvotes:

“ A surge suppressor is the one which is connected at the input supply so that when there is a sudden change voltage it bypasses thereby protecting the (circuit) and electronic components”

This is where the MOV conducts again, and dissipated the energy.

I post the exact comment here.

This device then solves the entire problem.

One is “what exactly is in a ‘surge protector’ ? ”

(There is no concept of polarity, in the loop because the current changes direction 100 to 120 times a second (power frequency).

2024–10–11 [Victor Olarewsju Victor Olarewaju ]

These devices are installed between the “hot” and “neutral” and protective ground.